Reactive power compensation

Reactive power compensation is a process used to improve the efficiency of electrical systems. Reactive power itself does not perform useful work but is essential for maintaining proper voltage levels in electrical networks and for the operation of certain electrical devices, such as transformers and motors.

The primary goal of reactive power compensation is to reduce the amount of reactive power in the system, thereby improving the efficiency and stability of the entire electrical network. This is achieved by adding compensating devices, such as capacitors or synchronous compensators, that balance the reactive power in the system.

The benefits of reactive power compensation include:

1. Reduction of losses in transmission lines: Lower reactive power leads to reduced energy losses during electricity transmission.
2. Improved voltage profile: Helps maintain more stable voltage in the network, ensuring better operating conditions for electrical devices.
3. Reduced overload: Reduces the load on transmission and distribution systems, extending their lifespan.
4. Cost savings: More efficient use of electrical energy results in lower operational costs.

Ideally, an electrical system should supply only active power (which performs useful work), but since this is not always possible, reactive power compensation is a critical strategy for maintaining efficient and stable operation of electrical networks.